Use Of Persuasion For Manipulative Purposes Essay

People often use persuasion to get what they want by moving consciousness. This happens by convincing another person to take on a different attitude in their belief system. However, some people use persuasion for manipulative purposes while others use it to give direction and change their reality. 4.1 Persuasion techniques There are various techniques that people use to persuade others. This include; foot-in-the-door technique whereby the persuader starts with a small and easy request with the hope of extending greater requests. It is based on getting a small yes and eventually leading to a bigger yes. Another technique is the door-in-the-face whereby a person makes unreasonable bigger offers with the hope of getting the person to comply with a smaller counteroffer. This technique uses the power of quilt to ensnare a person to accept an offer. Other people create an appealing need as a way of persuading. This is appropriate for the needs of shelter, self-actualization, love, and self-esteem. Further, loaded images and words are also used in addition to the power of reciprocity. 4.2 Characteristics of the persuader, message, audience A good persuader possesses deep knowledge about a subject matter on which they can convince a person. A knowledgeable person is seen by others as a valuable resource while a person who gets his facts wrong is frowned upon and finds it hard to persuade other people. Good persuaders are also good listeners in addition to being trustworthy. PeopleShow MoreRelatedEssay on What Is Really Behind Advertisement1259 Words   |  6 PagesMany people are in the debate whether companies use persuasion or manipulation in their advertisements to get people to buy a certain product. In the Innocent ones advertisement the â€Å"Stop the Abuse† organization shows a picture of a sad, abused little boy. 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History Of Home Video Game - 1511 Words

History of Home Video Game Consoles The video game industry has gone through some interesting developments over the past fifty years. Video games are as much of a pass time as watching network television, or going to see a movie. The initial motivation for video game production was to bring interested consumers to the computer market and has evolved into many forms and designs to give the end user an artificial experience of playing table tennis with a friend, or an imaginary friend. This paper will cover the history of video game consoles that were released from 1958 until present day. Home Console Timeline Tennis for Two game is the first video ever created. The game was invented in October 1958 by an American physicist by the name†¦show more content†¦In 1966, while working as an engineer for Sanders Associates, Baer â€Å"scribbled out a four-page description for the ‘game box’ that would allow people to play action, sports and other games on a television set. (Mullis, 2014) Seven prototypes were developed and the first patent was filed in 1971 making it the first video game patent in history. Magnavox was given the license and they developed the Odyssey in 1972 making it the world’s first home video game. During the same year, Atari was launched by Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney and Pong was released, becoming the first video game to reach a mainstream audience. In 1976, Coleco released its first console called Telstar and Fairfield Camera Instrument released theirs called Channel F. The Telstar console had games programmed into the hardware and newer models would introduce new game titles and hardware features such as a light gun and color. Channel F was the first console that featured individual cartridges that resembled 8-track audio tapes. Atari released their first cartridge based system in 1977 which was first known as the Video Computer System, later called the Atari 2600. In 1978, Midway Games released Space Invaders, the first game that allowed players to track their highs cores using three letters. Mattel released Intelivision which was â€Å"the first real competitor of the Atari 2600.† (Kudler, n.d.) Atari developed

China’s 1998 Summer Flood Disaster on the Tangtze Free Essays

string(69) " trapped survivors who were waiting to be rescued \(â€Å"YouTube†\)\." Jethro LeRoy Gibbs Ms. Shepherd Honors English 10 24 March 2013 Mighty Hell from the Yangtze China’s 1998 summer floods killed thousands of people, affected billions of people across the globe, left millions homeless, destroyed or damaged millions of homes, affected millions acres of land, and killed billions of dollars in their economic status. One unfortunate factor that played a huge role in the strengthening of the summer floods that China faced and suffered was human neglect (â€Å"Bad Planning†). We will write a custom essay sample on China’s 1998 Summer Flood Disaster on the Tangtze or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, one of the many significant factors that are highly crucial in flood control is the world’s largest power station (â€Å"Three Gorges†) also known as the Three Gorges Dam. Without the Three Gorges Dam capability of controlling the river floods, each summer poses a great threat to those who dwell near the Yangtze and its tributaries. But despite the complications concerning with the yearly river floods, the Yangtze played a significant role in establishing many trade routes for many centuries (Wakeman 492). However, since the early dawn of civilization, the Yangtze River proved to contain some of the deadly summer floods that China will ever experience. The Yangtze is naturally located in the Eastern Lowlands, which also contains most of China’s best farmland. In 1998, a collection of floods of the Yangtze River caused by deforestation, overpopulation, location, and failure to learn past mistakes all resulted in a high number of deaths, millions of homeless people, life-threatening water borne diseases, and the suffrage in the industrial and agricultural status; however, the aid and support of China’s government, the United Nations, China’s army and military, and the unification within the people of China eventually brought a better realization on how the repetition of its summer floods could have been avoided in the first place. In other words, the chaos and suffrage that was endured by the many that were affected by China’s repetition of its collection of summer floods made the government, United Nations and supporting countries, army and the military, and the people much stronger than before, helping China to correct its past mistakes in order to prevent further trouble socially and economically. One crucial fact that one must observed was that the numerous human errors that occurred before the year 1998 and the failure to correct them took part in the summer flood disaster. Deforestation was the first recognizable human error, especially and specifically in the Eastern Lowlands where the valley of the Yangtze River was geologically located (Wakeman 492). Deforestation brought many environmental problems which aided the summer floods of the Yangtze to increase its size and the risk of damage (Lang). This happened due to soil erosion (Lang) and the removal of top soil (Gittings) which resulted from the lack of trees (Lang). Another environmental problem was the lack of firm top soil due to the lack of trees which can create water run-off, especially near a river (Gittings). The bottom line was that deforestation caused the rich top soil to disappear or disperse creating water run-off which in return encouraged floods to increase its damage capabilities (Lang). The growing population of China also contributes to the deforestation of China because people needed land to live on. The second major human error was overpopulation. Overpopulation in cities or areas prone to deadly natural disasters is more likely to result in higher number of deaths and causalities (Gittings). More people mean a higher demand in food, land, and crops (Gittings) which helped caused deforestation in many areas along the Yangtze. The third major human error was the location in which they built their vast cities and homes. Where there is a river, there is the potential risk or threat of a river flood. Throughout the summer flood disaster, tens of thousands of people were force to either flee or evacuate their homes as entire villages were wiped out and crops sustained heavy damage (Ansfield). Flooding was always a negative factor to many cities, towns, and industries which were built relatively close to the Yangtze River in the Eastern Lowlands throughout the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries (Wakeman 492). Finally, the fourth major human error was failure to improve after many flood disasters before the year 1998. The government did not have enough resources to initiate a complete plan to avoid summer flooding’s and disasters that follows it (Gittings). The government lacked on the money, funds, labor, and support according to this quote during the 1998 summer floods, where many Chinese flood victims answered a question to who to blame saying, â€Å"There was nothing to be done. China was too poor. China has too many people† (Gittings). Thus, many victims advocated for improvement yet failed because political power and complete social unification with the rest of the country was out of their league (Gittings). The bottom line was that human errors not only set up the devastating Yangtze summer flood disaster, but also encouraged it to happen. There were severe flood consequences following China’s summer disaster. First, the disaster negatively impacted socially, where panic and chaos ensured in many of the flooded streets (Watson). But chaos wasn’t the only thing on flooded streets. Damages took place in many commercial businesses, which were either damaged or destroyed by the floods putting thousands out of work (â€Å"YouTube†). According to a video recording the disaster, the entire streets and major roadways were completely flooded, only leaving sewage and unsanitary debris behind (â€Å"YouTube†). The second consequence was unsanitary drinking water. Even flooding as a natural disaster can tamper with the public drinking water making it harder to have access to safe water (Watson). People who drink unsafe water can risk getting diseases and illnesses, such as diarrheal (Watson). This only put more negative pressure on the victims who were striving to survive the disaster. The third consequence was structural damage complications. Collapsed or damaged structures can create havoc and add more problems to the picture as shown in a video where it showed flood waters surrounding underneath a damaged bridge, full of trapped survivors who were waiting to be rescued (â€Å"YouTube†). You read "China’s 1998 Summer Flood Disaster on the Tangtze" in category "Papers" Another example of structural damage was the breakthrough of many dikes and levees along the Yangtze River holding back heavy flood waters to protect nearby cities and industrial centers (Hutzler). Many dikes were placed in areas prone to flooding especially near the industrial centers and oil fields in order to protect them and keep them from affecting their economic status (Kurtenbach). The condition and strength of the many dikes literally was a death and life situation for not only the government, but for the population as well. Lastly, the fourth consequence was the rise in health issues. An example was the extreme scarcity of safe drinking water. Drinking unsafe water can increase the risk of getting diarrheal disease which exactly happened in many cities affected by the Yangtze floods (Watson). Also, many hospitals and clinics were damaged, destroyed, or completely submerged under water which caused a shortage in medicine and medical equipment for the many flood victims (Hutzler). As the flood waters affected millions, negative health factors such as colds, stomach illnesses, dysentery, hepatitis, and diseases carried by waterborne parasites all threatened the flood victims and those nearby to which health Minister Zhang Wenkang himself tried to warn that these factors were on the rise (Hutzler). The many flood consequences radically brought devastating damages to China and immediately alerted the people and the government that changes and solutions in its society was needed to prevent further flood catastrophes. Agricultural, economic, and industrial damages were dealt with throughout the summer disaster. Fact: â€Å"Flooding across vast areas of China that began in June of 1998 had affected more than 140 million people, destroyed 2. 9 million houses and ruined nine million hectares of crops by July 15† (â€Å"China Moves†). In agriculture, about 21 million hectares of land were underwater which disrupted successful farming and the growth of crops (Harding). The grain production of 1998 was difficult to accomplish for the flooding’s cut back some 11 million tons of summer grain harvest (Harding). Also, cotton wheat and rice got hit the worst (Harding). Economically, losses were estimated around 85. 6 billion Yuan. Agriculture and the economy were extremely associated with each other. For example, the cotton industry was highly affected by the Yangtze summer floods (Harding). Even though it still had enough cotton to produce for the use of China, flooding still damaged some cotton fields thus forcing a decrease in its cotton exports (Harding). In other words, the reduction of cotton exports and imports greatly damaged its economic shipping. Thus, agricultural had a strong mutual bond with the economy, a bond where one can become affected and overwhelmingly impact the other. But that wasn’t the only complication, for billions of money was spent by the government (â€Å"1998†) to provide food, water, and shelter to the flood victims as well as spending money to clean up and rebuild the affected cities and lands (Ansfield). One example that can be examined was a quote from the mayor of Qiqihar, â€Å"We need about three years to make up for the heavy losses caused by the floods† (Gittings). When a natural disaster hits so suddenly, the damages can be so severe and restoration of anything takes time and patience. Finally, the floods damaged the industry of China. A total of 335 oilfields were submerged underwater or affected by the floods at Daqing (Kurtenbach). But according to Xinhua, China’s oil production still continued, even though 282 oil wells were shut down and 1443 oil wells were overwhelmed with flood waters (Hutzler). Despite the amount of damages sustained during the disaster, China eventually received much needed help and support by its government, the United Nations, army and military, and the people. The 1998 summer disaster created problems that changed China economically, socially, and politically. But most problems eventually were solved, mostly by the reactions and responses of China and other helpful nations. There were four recognizable reactionaries and responses. The first was government involvement. During the summer flood disasters, the government helped in supplying the thousands with medical supplies, food, water, and shelter (Kurtenbach). Even President Jiang Zemin urged relief workers to ensure social order and guard against the spread of diseases (Kurtenbach). The government also built the world’s largest powerhouse dam, the Three Gorges Dam (â€Å"Three Gorges†), in order to control flooding and provide an eco-friendly power source for its cities and people (â€Å"China Moves†). Deforestation was a major cause and problem of the 1998 summer floods, thus the government devised a plan in which they will replant thousands of trees to regain rich top soil especially near the Yangtze and its rivers (Lang). In order to complete this major task, the government received help from the Sloping Land Conversion Program or SLCP which will devise a plan to turn some 37 million acres of land back into forests or grasslands (Hance). The government orders some of the dikes to be destroyed to flood plains and farms in order to save the many industrial cities and centers from being flooded (â€Å"Background†). Most importantly, the government banned all logging activities in the headwaters of the Yangtze and in the Sichuan province, stopping the lumber jacks from cutting down trees to planting new trees (Gittings). The second reaction and response was the help from the United Nations. The World Food Programme or W. F. P. officially got involved and helped China and its people by sending and distributing food and water to the flood victims (â€Å"Chinese Agency†). The W. E. P. Deputy Executive Director Namanga Nyongi stated, â€Å"The aim of W. F. P. ’s emergency operation is to provide food and to help these people rebuild their homes and the local infrastructure which were destroyed by the floods† (â€Å"Chinese Agency†). This quote simply explains on how Nyongi spoke a reassurance statement in which help was on the way and that the Chinese flood victims will not be abandoned. The United States also helped by sending in a shipment of humanitarian relief equipment (Harding) and dispatched some cargo planes carrying essential supplies vital to the flood victims (â€Å"Background†). The third reaction and responses was from China’s army and military. Countless Chinese troops are sent in to complete search and rescue missions, reinforce weak dikes, clean up the wreckage of the many cities, and secure public safety and provide protection (â€Å"YouTube†). More than two million people including most military personal all helped reinforce the weak and outdated dikes holding some or most of the flood waters back (Harding). Lastly, the unification of the people of China was a significant reaction and response to the summer floods. It took millions of helpful people of all social classes and society to work as a team to reinforce the poor dikes and drain flooded roads as well as replanting drowned crops (Ansfield). Teamwork in rescue missions was crucial especially when dealing with a crisis that involved victims in a dangerous situation (â€Å"YouTube†). Another example of unity and teamwork was the millions of hands willingly sacrificing their time and efforts in the moving of earth and sand to avoid greater disasters (Gittings). The fact that President Jiang Zemin encouraged the country and nation to team up with one another in the struggle of the 1998 summer floods also helped in unifying the people. The 1998 summer flood disaster in China devastated both the government and the people caused by major human errors such as deforestation, overpopulation, location, and past failures only to be later resolved by its reactions and responses to improve its status with the Yangtze and avoid future, major complications. Human errors were most to blame since the government and the people did not learn from their past disaster mistakes and continued to lose countless lives. Deforestation, overpopulation, location, and all of the failures could have been recognized and solved by the people of China thus preventing such high deaths and leaving millions homeless or affected. But despite the complications, there were some changes that were made to help them correct their past mistakes, and the government, people, and the United Nations all did their best to help China succeed. The restoration of thousands of trees and the facility of the Three Gorges Dam was to both play a crucial role in controlling the river floods or to prevent soil erosion, as well as protecting those living along the Yangtze. Despite the complications and solutions, natural disasters can change and shape countries, people, governments, and society. But it is the reactions and responses to the disasters that determines whether the outcome is a success or a failure based on learning from the mistakes and correcting them. Works Cited â€Å"1998 Yangtze River Floods. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 03 May 2013. Web. 18 Mar. 2013. Ansfield, Jonathan. â€Å"China Rebuilds in Wake of Flooding: 540 Reported Deaths. † National Post [Don Mills, Ont] 25 June 2002, Toronto ed. , Sports sec. : S10. ProQuest Newsstand. Web. 19 Mar. 2013. http://search. proquest. om/docview/329908584/13C78238C9A3066C566/33? accountid=3785. â€Å"Background: The Yangtze’s Wrath. † Interview by Elizabeth Farnsworth, Phil Ponce, and Woman. PBS. PBS, n. d. Web. 28 Feb. 2013. http://www. pbs. org/newshour/bb/asia/july-dec98/flood_8-12a. html. â€Å"Bad Planning Made Flood Damage Worse. † The Daily Yomiur i [Tokyo] 14 Sept. 1998: 1. ProQuest Newsstand. Web. 28 Feb. 2013. http://search. proquest. com/docview/285668680? accountid=3785. â€Å"China Moves 132,000 as Floods Approach Three Gorges Region: Flood Season Has Killed 1,000, and Officials Tell Residents to Brace for Massive Crest of Water Expected on the Yangtze. The Vancouver Sun [Vancouver] 20 July 1998, Final ed. , News sec. : A5. ProQuest Newsstand. Web. 28 Feb. 2013. ;http://search. proquest. com/docview/242848508? accountid=3785;. â€Å"Chinese Agency Reports UN Food-aid Programme Launched in Flood Aftermath. † BBC Monitoring Asia Pacific – Political [London] 19 Sept. 1998: 1. ProQuest Newsstand. Web. 28 Feb. 2013. ;http://search. proquest. com/docview/450127178? accountid=3785;. Gittings, John. â€Å"Environment: High and Dry The Flooding of the Yangtze River Has Devastated the Lives of Millions. Now China Is Claiming It Can How to cite China’s 1998 Summer Flood Disaster on the Tangtze, Papers

Marketing Fundamentals for Television Commercials and Others

Question: Discuss about theMarketing Fundamentals for Television Commercials and Others. Answer: Introduction The assignment deals with the marketing fundamentals. In this assignment, marketing concepts will be explained in regards to personal interest in joining the Qantas airways. It is one of recognised airline brand in Australia. Concepts and process within Marketing Marketing can be defined as promoting the services provided by an organisation to the target audience. Promotion can be done through various mediums such as magazine advertisements, television commercials, and others. Marketing concept is the philosophy that emphasise on analysing and satisfying the customer needs. It means that the focus of all the marketing activities is customer satisfaction. Marketing gives the business a direction and help adjust to the changing nature. It will help introduce the new features of service or design the product in a new manner. The marketing strategy will help gain competitive advantage as there are many other organisation launching similar products or services in the same market. Marketing is require for customer retention (Hollensen 2015). The marketing process starts with performing situational analysis, market research, followed by establishing of the marketing objectives. Once the marketing objectives are clear and specified the target market is identified. It is followed by development of market strategies. Last step of marketing process involves implementation of the marketing strategies along with its monitoring and control (Slater 2015). Importance of marketing to chosen service Qantas airways provide national and international airlines services to the people. Thus, marketing is central to Qantas. Qantas needs marketing to generate funds for its new check in facilities, new lounge, and new carriers flying to Asia, which are usually expensive. To satisfy customers a right staff is required. The fate of Qantas is determined by the staff even though they do not directly control the marketing efforts (Lucarelli, 2014). Therefore, Qantas aligns with the HR department for marketing on the job descriptions, and designing of the training programs. Further, during the non-peak times, Qantass sales may be hampered. Therefore, during this time Qantas should use the marketing strategies such as advertising, and sales promotions to boot sales. This will help achieve smooth operations even during the fluctuations in demand. Qantas has many competitors therefore, it is important to pick up integrated marketingoption. It will help provide significantly operational efficiencies. It opens the door to real-time customer campaigns (Homsombat et al., 2014). Insights on marketing This assignment has provided clear perspective on marketing concepts. Initially, it appeared that marketing means television commercials about launch of new product or service. However, now this misconception is erased. Even the companies like Qantas that are ages old need marketing to maintain the strong customer base. The assignment has broadened the knowledge on marketing. Initially it appeared that it is a simple process of announcing the customers simply choosing one or more strategies of promoting. However, marketing is complex process involving series of steps right from performing situational analysis to development of strategy as per the needs identified and lastly implementation. Satisfying customers is a difficult job and marketing is a useful tool in this regard. References Hollensen, S., 2015.Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Homsombat, W., Lei, Z. and Fu, X., 2014. Competitive effects of the airlines-within-airlines strategyPricing and route entry patterns.Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review,63, pp.1-16. Lucarelli, G. (2014). The corporate strategy of Qantas Airways. A case study. Slater, S.P., 2015. The Tasks of Strategic Market Management: The Role of Marketing. InProceedings of the 1989 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 667-667). Springer, Cham.